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Pathology

A seronegative oligoarthritis that develops 2-6 weeks after an infection, usually genitourinary or gastrointestinal infection

Aetiology

Peak age 15-25, males>females. Associated with HLA B27

Signs

Joint swelling, dactylitis, circinate balanitis, keratoderma blennorrhagica

Symptoms

Urethritis, Conjunctivitis, and Arthritis plus malaise and fever, low-back pain and heel pain is common because of enthesopathies at the Achilles tendon

Investigations

Bloods: FBC, U&E, ESR, CRP, Rheumatoid Factor
Microbiology: Urine and vaginal/urethral swabs for chlamydia, stool culture
Joint Aspiration: To rule out crystals or septic arthritis

Treatment

Conservative: Rest
Medical: NSAIDs, Intra-articular or oral steroids, antibiotics to treat underlying
infection. DMARDs may be useful for chronic cases.

Prognosis

May run a chronic/relapsing course 
70% fully recover within 6 months
30% have recurrent symptoms

Key Facts

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Key References

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