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Pathology
Salmonella typhi, salmonella paratyphi A, B & C, some non-typhoidal salmonella infections. Incubation period 10-20 days.
Aetiology
Faeco-oral transmission via food/water.
Signs
Rose spots (between navel and nipples).
Symptoms
1st week: Fever, headache, dry cough, abdominal pain, constipation.
2nd week: High fever, delirium, foul ‘pea soup’ diarrhoea.
3rd week: Death or slow recovery.
Investigations
Bloods: FBC, U&E
Microbiology: Stool culture
Treatment
Medical: Antibiotics - based on local sensitivities
Steroids for severe toxaemia.
Prognosis
Excellent with treatment. Death in 20% untreated. Can cause long term neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Intestinal haemorrhage, pneumonia, bowel perforation, encephalitis, chronic carriage.
Key Facts
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Key References
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