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Pathology
Caused by Herpes simplex.
Virus becomes latent in nerve ganglia and can reactivate periodically.
Aetiology
Sexual contact or contact with eye or mouth lesions.
Signs
Ulcers as above.
Symptoms
Frequently asymptomatic.
Primary infection: Febrile prodrome for approximately 5 days, burning pain in
genital area, multiple painful ulcers, lymphadenopathy,
urethral/vaginal discharge, dysuria.
Recurrence: Ulceration. Much less severe symptoms than primary infection
Investigations
Swabs for viral culture and PCR.
Treatment
Medical: Saline baths, topical local anaesthetic, Acyclovir or valacyclovir.
Education: Encourage hydration to reduce pain on urination.
Prognosis
No cure but recurrences may be infrequent.
Urinary retention due to pain or autonomic neuropathy
Meningitis/encephalitis
Congenital infection
Psychological issues
Prolonged lesions in immunosuppression
Key Facts
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Key References
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