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Pathology

Primary liver tumour which usually occurs in the presence of cirrhosis

Aetiology

Cirrhosis and Hepatitis B

Signs

Cirrhosis, Jaundice, Ascites,  Hepatomegaly

Symptoms

Abdominal Pain, Weight Loss, Jaundice, Right upper quadrant pain, Malaise 

Investigations

Bloods: FBC, U&E, Clotting, Raised alfa-fetoprotein
Imaging: Ultrasound Abdomen shows a liver lesion

Treatment

Medical: Chemotherapy, Radiofrequency ablation, percutaneous ethanol injection, 
transarterial chemoembolization – tumour blood supply identified and 
chemotherapy infused directly through this artery 
Surgical: Liver resection or liver transplantation are curative 

Prognosis

Median survival is 6 to 20 months. Resection increases 5 year survival to 40% and 
transplantation increases 5 year survival to 75%
Biliary obstruction

Key Facts

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Key Images

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Key References

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