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Pathology
Damage to oculomotor nerve
Aetiology
Medical: Diabetes, demyelination, brainstem infarct
Surgical: Compression of CNIII e.g. posterior communicating artery aneurysm
Signs
Ptosis, eye held ‘down & out’ by action of unaffected lateral rectus and superior oblique.
Dilated pupil in surgical CNIII palsy due to compression of parasympathetic fibres as they lie on the outer aspect of the oculomotor nerve nerve
Symptoms
Diplopia
Investigations
Bloods: Fasting glucose, ESR
Imaging: MRI to assess for underlying cause
Treatment
Treat underlying cause
Prognosis
Dependent on cause
Key Facts
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Key Images
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Key References
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