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Pathology
Failure of development of parathyroid, failure to secrete, damage to the gland, failure of PTH action
Aetiology
DiGeorge syndrome, hypomagnesaemia, calcium receptor mutation, autoimmune, radiation, damage during thyroid surgery, infiltration, pseudohypoparathyroidism
Signs
Signs of hypocalcaemia
Symptoms
Paraesthesia, muscle cramps and spasms, tetany
Investigations
Bloods: Parathyroid Hormone, Calcium Profile, U&E, magnesium
ECG: Prolonged QT interval
Treatment
Activated vitamin D and calcium supplements. Aim for low normal calcium. If tetany or severe presentation use IV calcium gluconate.
Prognosis
Usually good. Can be associated with mental retardation, cataracts, extrapyramidal symptoms
Renal stones and nephrocalcinosis from calcium supplementation.
Key Facts
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Key Images
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Key References
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