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Pathology
Slowly progression nephrotic syndrome caused by immune complex deposition and glomerular inflammation. Most common in adults.
Aetiology
Idiopathic
Infection: Streptococcus viridans, HBC, mumps, malaria, syphilis
Malignancy: Melanoma, lymphoma and lung cancer
Autoimmune: SLE, rheumatoid arthritis
Drugs: Gold, penicillamine, heroin
Signs
Marked pitting oedema, ascites and pleural effusions
Symptoms
Swollen legs, weight gain, lethargy, shortness of breath.
Investigations
Bloods: FBC, U&E, LFT’s, lipid profile glucose, myeloma screen, ANA
MSU: Urine dipstick and protein: creatinine ratio
Renal Biopsy: Thickened basement membrane with spikes detected on the
epithelial aspect using silver staining
Treatment
Medical: Steroids, immunosuppression and dialysis if renal failure evident.
Prognosis
Young female patients have the best prognosis.
Overall, 30% remission, 25% relapse, 25% slow progression, 20% end stage renal failure
Renal failure, renal vein thrombosis
Key Facts
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Key Images
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Key References
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