Cardio

Tricuspid Regurgitation

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Pathology

Incompetent Tricuspid valve allowing backflow of blood into right atrium

Aetiology

Right ventricular dilatation, right ventricular infarction, rheumatic fever, 
pulmonary hypertension, infective endocarditis, chronic heart disease, carcinoid, Ebstein malformation due to lithium maternal therapy causing apical displacement of the tricuspid valve leaflets leading to atrialization of the right  ventricle

Signs

Raised JVP, giant ‘v’ waves, right ventricular parasternal heave, AF, pansystolic murmur at the left lower sternal edge loudest on inspiration. 3rd heart sound, ascites, peripheral oedema, pulsatile and tender hepatomegaly

Symptoms

Right heart failure, anorexia, nausea, abdominal pain

Investigations

ECG: Right axis deviation and conduction delay
Chest X-Ray: cardiomegaly 
Echo: Assesses for leaflet abnormalities and estimates pulmonary pressures


Treatment

Medical: Salt restriction  Diuretics for peripheral oedema

Prognosis

Related to underlying cause
Arrhythmias

Key Facts

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Key Images

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Key References

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