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Pathology
Incompetent Tricuspid valve allowing backflow of blood into right atrium
Aetiology
Right ventricular dilatation, right ventricular infarction, rheumatic fever,
pulmonary hypertension, infective endocarditis, chronic heart disease, carcinoid, Ebstein malformation due to lithium maternal therapy causing apical displacement of the tricuspid valve leaflets leading to atrialization of the right ventricle
Signs
Raised JVP, giant ‘v’ waves, right ventricular parasternal heave, AF, pansystolic murmur at the left lower sternal edge loudest on inspiration. 3rd heart sound, ascites, peripheral oedema, pulsatile and tender hepatomegaly
Symptoms
Right heart failure, anorexia, nausea, abdominal pain
Investigations
ECG: Right axis deviation and conduction delay
Chest X-Ray: cardiomegaly
Echo: Assesses for leaflet abnormalities and estimates pulmonary pressures
Treatment
Medical: Salt restriction Diuretics for peripheral oedema
Prognosis
Related to underlying cause
Arrhythmias
Key Facts
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Key Images
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Key References
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